To Resolve the Mystery of the Body Movement May Treat Parkinson's Disease

Shirley, New York, March 29, 2016 (Newswire.com) - Recently, in two research papers published in the journal Cell and Neuron, scientists at the Gladstone institutes found special neural circuits controlling walking through the study. At the same time, they also found that the circuit input was interrupted in Parkinson's disease patients.

Walking is a great challenge faced by patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and Parkinson's disease is usually caused by a lack of important neurochemical dopamine. Dopamine is in the basal ganglia. However, the basal ganglia is brain region involved in basic behaviors, such as sports, learning and feedback behaviors.

Dopamine culling will lead to faulty communication between the basal ganglia and thalamus area, and results of this communication errors will eventually lead to lack of thalamocortical pathway input, and interfere with the body movement, while blockade between two regional connections will help turn back the imbalance between walking and stopping, helping to restore the body's normal behavior of Parkinson's disease models.

Adjusting a series of nerve cells connecting the brainstem in the brain and spinal cord can help the basal ganglia pathway of stopping and walking control the mobile memory. And the body walking pathway can also selectively activate a series of neurons in the brain, resulting in the release of dopamine. These neurons are also responsible for the body moving. Then the researchers use optogenetics to activate or suppress selective brain cells, so as to stimulate the mouse stopping and walking path. At the same time, the researchers also record the neural circuit in mouse brainstem. They find that body walking pathway can selectively activate the expression of dopamine neurons, promoting the mouse movement, while stopping pathway will inhibit the dopamine neurons in the mouse stopping motion.

In this study, researchers first elucidate that how walking and stopping pathway in the body regulate the body movement. At the same time, researchers reveal a precise connection between the basal ganglia and the brainstem. It provides some ideas for the development of new therapies of Parkinson's disease.

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